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When the H1N1 flu season is over, will there be any hard data to show the efficacy of the vaccine?

Without that, there's really no scientific way (or is there?) to tell whether the people who remained healthy did so because:

  • the vaccine was effective or...
  • the flu wasn't "all that bad".
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2 Answers

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Speaking completely hypothetically I could imagine that a "cohort" (I believe that's the proper term here) study could be done where they randomly survey people and ask them:

  1. Were you vaccinated for H1N1?
  2. Did you become infected with H1N1?
  3. Did any of your immediate (living in same household) relatives as you get sick with H1N1?
  4. Did any of your co-workers get sick with H1N1?

They can then analyze (controlling for age, gender, etc) whether the incidence of infection was drastically influenced for those around others who had been infected based on whether or not they were vaccinated (2 weeks prior to the contact at least).

Preferably they can then also ask the relatives and co-workers, allowing for the actual infection network to be analyzed (i.e... if an most of entire office was good about vaccinating, they could significantly have impacted the spread to their immediate family).

It is possible this is already how they test effectiveness.

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Further to Joshua's good answer, the H1N1 vaccine is based on the existing flu vaccine model, which has a great deal of supporting data. It's essentially the same, just targeting a different strain of influenza, so there is every reason to believe it is effective even without extensive testing. However, here is some information as to safety and efficacy trials.

By day 21 after vaccination, HI antibody titers of 1:40 or more were observed in 116 (97%) of 120 adults who received a 15 μg dose.

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Just a hat in the ring comment really - I think that, whether H5N1 posed a large scale risk to life or not, it's good to know that the level of international organisation seems to be quite high, and doctors alert and willing to be cautious...just in case there is a more virulent outbreak at some point. I can also proudly say that I survived H5N1 (without vaccine), and it was bloody terrible. – MGW Lahiffe Jan 22 at 11:29
Correction, H1N1. Diseases were easier to remember when they had snappier names, I'm sure ('influenza', by the way, comes from the Italian, and the supposed malicious 'influence' was that of the planets). – MGW Lahiffe Jan 22 at 11:32
Our family is fairly sure we had it also, although anecdotally we have been told that doctors here (US) aren't testing and diagnosing specifically unless it appears life threatening to avoid unecessary panic. Maybe we need a better name for viruses. Computer viruses tend to get more interesting names. How about 'Gerald'? I've got a nasty case of Gerald right now! – Skrivener Jan 22 at 19:10

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